The author presents an analysis of trends affecting the development of current university libraries. The most important of these trends is the remarkable breakthrough of the e-book. A description of the future tasks of university libraries is given with a main focus on providing knowledge resources to the university’s students and researchers. Five future scenarios for the development of university libraries are presented: The author’s preferred scenario is the completely digital library (with no printed resources) providing a complete set of services to researchers (including the management of research data) and students.